What are Sun Spots?

Sun spots, also known as age spots, liver spots, or solar lentigines, are flat, darkened areas of skin that often appear on areas exposed to the sun. You see, these small, flat areas of pigmentation are caused by prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light. They are more common on areas like the face, hands, shoulders, and arms—areas frequently exposed to the sun. These spots can vary in color from light brown to dark brown and often develop as the skin ages. While they are harmless, they can affect the appearance of your complexion, aka making the skin appear uneven, and may lead you to seek solutions for fading them.  

Sun spots have been observed for centuries. However, they were not formally diagnosed or understood in the way we do today until much later in medical history. The term "sunspot" in the context of skin damage can be traced back to the 19th Century. Early references to skin discolorations related to sun exposure were made by physicians who noticed changes in skin pigmentation after prolonged exposure to the sun. In the late 1800s, dermatologists began to differentiate between types of skin lesions, including those caused by sun exposure.

It wasn't until the 20th century that the understanding of UV radiation's role in causing these spots became more established. In the 1930s, studies began to show that UV radiation from the sun contributed to various skin conditions, including these spots. By the mid-20th century, dermatologists were diagnosing sunspots as a benign form of skin pigmentation caused by cumulative sun exposure.

Today, sunspots are understood as a result of UV-induced damage to melanocytes (cells that produce pigment) in the skin, and modern dermatology focuses on prevention and treatment of these spots, especially due to the growing awareness of skin cancer risks associated with UV exposure.

Read about other kinds of hyperpigmentation here.

Causes of Sun Spots: Understanding the Triggers

Sun spots can be caused by a number of different things, such as: 

1. UV Exposure: The primary cause of sun spots is prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays. UV rays stimulate melanin production, and over time, this can lead to clusters of pigment forming in the skin.

2. Age: Aging: As we age, our skin becomes less efficient at repairing UV-induced damage, making it more susceptible to sun spots.

3. Genetics: Some people are genetically predisposed to develop sun spots, particularly if they have fair skin or a history of frequent sun exposure.

4. Tanning: Both natural sun tanning and artificial tanning beds can accelerate the development of sun spots due to concentrated UV exposure.

Prevention Tips: How to Avoid Sun Spots

Preventing sun spots is easier than treating them. So, incorporating the following protective habits into your daily routine can minimize their appearance:

1. Use Sunscreen Daily: A broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher is crucial. Apply it generously and reapply every two hours when outdoors for extended periods.

2. Wear Protective Clothing: Hats, sunglasses, and long-sleeved clothing can shield your skin from UV rays.

3. Seek Shade: Avoid direct sunlight during peak hours (10 a.m. to 4 p.m.).

4. Avoid Tanning Beds: Stick to self-tanners or bronzers for a sun-kissed glow without UV damage.

Best Ingredients and Remedies for Fading Sun Spots

While sun spots are challenging to eliminate entirely, several ingredients and remedies can help fade their appearance over time. Consistency is key when incorporating these into your skincare routine:

1. Vitamin C Studies suggest that the citric acid in lemon juice may help lighten pigmentation over time. Apply a Vitamin C serum in the morning after cleansing and before sunscreen.

2. Niacinamide: Known to support skin tone balance and reduce discoloration. Use a niacinamide serum or cream as part of your morning or evening routine.

3. Retinol: Encourages skin cell turnover, which may help fade pigmented spots over time. Apply retinol in the evening, starting with a low concentration and increasing gradually.

4. Alpha Hydroxy Acids (AHAs): AHAs like glycolic acid exfoliate the skin, removing the outer layer of dead cells and revealing brighter skin underneath. Use a chemical exfoliant 1–2 times a week.

5. Natural Ingredients for Gentle Care: There are some natural ingredients that could be used to help with this, such as:

• Lemon Juice/Extract: Lemon Juice: Studies suggest that the citric acid in lemon juice may help lighten pigmentation over time. Apply diluted lemon juice to affected areas for a natural brightening effect.

• Aloe Vera: Contains aloesin, a compound that may support skin brightening when used consistently. It soothes the skin and may assist in fading pigmentation over time.

• Licorice Root: Studies suggest it may support a balanced skin tone.

• Green Tea Extract: Green tea’s antioxidants may help reduce pigmentation and promote a more even skin tone.

Professional Treatments to Consider

For faster or more dramatic results, professional treatments, such as the following can help reduce the appearance of sun spots:

1. Chemical Peels: Remove/exfoliate the top layers of skin to reveal brighter, clearer skin/complexion underneath.

2. Laser Therapy: Targets pigmentation with focused light to reduce sun spots.

3. Microdermabrasion: Gently removes/exfoliates the outer layer of skin, diminishing the appearance of spots over time.

4. Intense Pulsed Light (IPL): Uses light therapy to reduce pigmentation and improve overall skin clarity.

Key Tip to Remember: Always consult with your doctor and a dermatologist before undergoing any professional treatments to ensure they are suitable for your skin type.

Daily Skincare Routine for Managing Sun Spots

Consistency in your skincare routine can significantly improve the appearance of sun spots. In fact, here at Forever Beaumore, we also offer high-quality skincare products that could help fade sun spots and improve overall skin tone.

Morning Routine

The following are ideal for one’s morning skincare routine: 

1. Cleanser: Use a gentle cleanser to remove impurities, such as our Age Defense Cleansing Gel. This is a deeply nourishing cleanser to clarify, soften, and balance the skin without drying. Rejuvenating placental protein extract and nourishing vitamin E combine to create a gentle non-stripping cleanser that leaves skin luminous and hydrated.

2. Vitamin C Serum: Brightens the skin and reduces pigmentation. Our Stem-C Serum is a prime choice, since it’s an intensive Vitamin C serum to brighten, illuminate, and firm the skin. This powerful and effective daily treatment for dullness, hyperpigmentation, and dehydration is powered by Plant Stem Cell technology to rebuild elasticity, retain hydration and promote healthy collagen production.

3. Moisturizer: Hydrates and prepares the skin for sunscreen. Our Stem Cell Gel Moisturizer is a fantastic choice. It’s a bouncy gel moisturizer to protect and nourish the skin with a weightless finish. This refreshing gel helps balance, soothe, and combat daily environmental stressors. Agave stem cells stimulate collagen production and soften skin while propolis, royal jelly, and honey provide deep nourishment to the skin.

4. Sunscreen: Broad-spectrum SPF 30 or higher.

Evening Routine

The following are ideal for one’s evening skincare routine:

1. Cleanser: Remove makeup and sunscreen with a gentle cleanser. Use embody One & Done Oil Cleanser – a unique blend of plant based oils that balances skin while breaking down dirt, makeup and other unwanted irritants.

2. Chemical Exfoliant: Use 1–2 times a week to remove dead skin cells. Our Océan Complex Masque is a healing wash-off mask to clarify, hydrate, soften, and brighten the skin instantly. This gentle clarifying mask combines Phyto-chemicals and nutrient rich minerals to provide a boost of hydration and improve collagen production for youthful skin.

3. Retinol: Apply to target sun spots and improve skin texture. Our Retinol Renewal Serum is a proprietary brightening complex combined with carefully chosen fruit and plant acids that work synergistically to facilitate younger looking skin.

4. Moisturizer: Lock in hydration overnight. You can use our Stem Cell Gel Moisturizer for this.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Can sun spots go away on their own?
A: No, sun spots are typically permanent but may fade slightly over time. Consistent use of targeted skincare can help reduce their appearance.

Q: How long does it take to see results from skincare products?
A: Results vary, but most people notice improvements in 4–6 weeks with consistent use.

Q: Are sun spots the same as freckles?
A: No, freckles are genetic and may darken with sun exposure, while sun spots result directly from prolonged UV exposure.

Q: Can makeup cover sun spots?
A: Yes, a good concealer or color-correcting product can effectively camouflage sun spots.

Q:  Are there any risks to professional treatments?
A: Professional treatments may cause temporary redness or sensitivity. Always consult a qualified provider and follow post-treatment care instructions.

Bottom Line: Sun Spots are a Common But Manageable Skin Concern

Fading sun spots takes time, but by understanding their causes, adopting preventative measures, and targeted skincare ingredients, you can minimize their appearance and protect your skin from further damage. Essentially, combining natural remedies, over-the-counter products, and professional treatments provides a comprehensive approach to fading sun spots and in return that desired radiant complexion. Remember, consistency and sun protection are key to achieving long-lasting results that go beyond just aesthetics.

Sources: 

1. American Academy of Dermatology Association. (n.d.). What Causes Sun Spots?. AAD.org

2. Skin Cancer Foundation. (n.d.). Protecting Your Skin from UV Rays. SkinCancer.org

3. National Institutes of Health. (n.d.). The Role of Antioxidants in Skin Brightening. NIH.gov

4. International Journal of Cosmetic Science. (n.d.). Retinol in Skin Renewal

Disclaimer: **These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Consult with your doctor and/or a dermatologist if you’re pregnant, lactating, or taking any medication or have medical conditions.